Travel and flying in pregnancy: when, how and what to watch for

With a healthy pregnancy, travelling is often possible. Still, timing, type of journey and destination all matter. This article lines up the questions to ask before you set off.

When is the best time?

For many people the most comfortable window is the second trimester, roughly weeks 14–28. Nausea has usually eased, energy has returned, and the difficulties of preterm labour or a large bump are still some way off.

In the first three months, tiredness and nausea can make a journey harder. In the final weeks, the chance of labour starting on the way and being far from care comes into play, so long trips in the last trimester are often postponed. If your pregnancy has any risk factors (bleeding, a history of preterm birth, a multiple pregnancy, blood pressure problems), talk to your doctor before travelling.

Flying

Flying in a healthy pregnancy is generally considered safe. Airline rules differ, so check before you book:

• Many airlines accept passengers until about week 36 in a single pregnancy, and earlier in a multiple pregnancy.
• After a certain week a doctor’s note or letter may be requested.
• Confirm the rules on the airline’s current page, as they change over time.

If you can, choose an aisle seat so it is easier to walk and use the toilet. Fasten the seat belt low, under your belly and across your hip bones.

Clots on long journeys

Blood clots a little more readily in pregnancy, and sitting still for a long time can add to that. Simple habits help:

• On the plane or in the car, get up and walk for a few minutes every hour.
• While seated, circle your ankles and flex your calves.
• Drink plenty of water and wear comfortable, non-restrictive clothes.
• If your doctor agrees, wear compression stockings.

Car travel and seat belts

A seat belt is the most important protection for you and your baby. Wearing it correctly matters:

• The lap strap should sit under your belly, across your hips.
• The shoulder strap should run between your breasts and to the side of your belly, not across your neck.
• Never place the belt over your belly, and taking it off is not the answer.
• Do not switch off the airbag; sit as far from the steering wheel as is comfortable.

On long drives take a break at least every two hours, walk around and drink water.

Destination and preparation

• Mosquito-borne illnesses (for example Zika or malaria) matter especially in pregnancy. Check the current situation for your destination on the CDC and health ministry pages.
• For regions that need vaccines, ask your doctor early; not every vaccine is suitable in pregnancy.
• Find out how far the nearest reliable hospital is and whether your travel health insurance covers pregnancy.
• Carry your pregnancy records, blood group and medicine list.
• Choose safe water and well-cooked food; if in doubt about a food, our Can I eat it? section can help.

What you can do

A checklist before you go: doctor’s approval, airline rules, dates, insurance, medicines, water bottle, snacks, comfortable shoes. Do not push yourself on the trip; keep the plan loose and build in rest.

When to contact your doctor

Do not wait if, before or during a trip, you notice:

• Vaginal bleeding, leaking fluid, regular painful tightenings
• Swelling, pain, redness or warmth in one calf
• Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain or coughing up blood: call 112 right away (or the local emergency number abroad)
• A clear drop in your baby’s movements
• Severe headache, blurred vision, sudden swelling of the face and hands
• A temperature of 38 °C or higher, severe diarrhoea and vomiting

This article is for general information; for your own plans, your doctor’s advice comes first.